Allantoin
Allantoin · INCI Allantoin
Allantoin has been used on skin for over a century, it appears in an enormous number of products, and almost nobody talks about it. That is partly because it does not announce itself. Nothing tingles, nothing glows. It simply makes skin less cross.
One of the oldest, quietest and best evidenced soothing ingredients there is, which is a rare combination.
What it is
Allantoin is the compound that gives comfrey its long reputation as a healing plant, though ours is made synthetically rather than extracted, which gives a purer and more consistent material without some less positive parts of the plant coming along for the ride.
What it does is calm. It settles redness and irritation, in part by binding up irritating substances so they cannot reach the skin and provoke it. Regulators in the United States formally recognise it as a skin protectant, which is a stronger position than most cosmetic ingredients ever reach and reflects how well established the evidence is.
It also softens rough skin, by loosening the keratin that holds dead cells together so they shed more readily. That is a different and gentler mechanism than an acid uses, which is why it suits skin too reactive for exfoliation. At the level we use it, expect a quiet smoothing rather than anything dramatic.
What it does in our formulas
Two functions, well founded.
It calms irritated skin
This is its main job and it is well established. Allantoin reduces redness and settles irritation. It works partly by binding up irritating substances so they cannot bother the skin. Regulators in the United States formally recognise it as a skin protectant, which is a rare thing for a cosmetic ingredient and reflects how solid the evidence is.
Well characterisedIt softens rough skin
Allantoin loosens the keratin that holds dead cells together at the surface, so they let go more easily. It is a gentler mechanism than an acid, which dissolves the bonds instead, and it suits reactive skin that cannot take exfoliation. A quiet effect at the level we use, not a resurfacing one.
Well characterisedWhat the research does not show
Allantoin needs less correcting than many ingredients, which is a pleasant change. Two things are still worth being careful about.
Marketed as It heals wounds and repairs scars
Marketed as Comfrey extract, the natural version, is better
What is left is genuinely good: a well-evidenced soother that calms irritation and softens rough skin, doing its work without fanfare. It is one of the ingredients that never needs to be overclaimed, because it does not need it.
On the label and in the range
Allantoin appears in every one of our formulations, toward the end of the ingredient list, at a fraction of a percent. That is not a token amount, it is where allantoin actually works: most products use it between a tenth and half a percent, and the evidence sits comfortably in that range. The exact percentage is published on each product page.
Is it suitable for me?
Allantoin is one of the least irritating ingredients in cosmetic use. The independent expert panel that reviews cosmetic ingredients has assessed it and found it safe as used, and it has a century of use behind it with remarkably little trouble. It suits a vegan routine and carries no restrictions under UK or EU cosmetic law. It sits comfortably on sensitive and reactive skin, which is exactly why it is in every formula we make rather than only the gentle ones.
Allantoin is among the least irritating ingredients in cosmetic use. As with anything new, if your skin reacts easily it is worth patch testing first.
The research behind this page
We review the published literature. We do not conduct the studies below.
- Becker LC, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, et al. Final Report of the Safety Assessment of Allantoin and Its Related Complexes. Int J Toxicol 2010;29(3 Suppl):84S-97S. "https://doi.org/10.1177/1091581810362805", "url"=>"https://doi.org/10.1177/1091581810362805"}" rel="nofollow">→
- Araújo LU, Grabe-Guimarães A, Mosqueira VCF, Carneiro CM, Silva-Barcellos NM. Profile of wound healing process induced by allantoin. Acta Cir Bras 2010;25(5):460-466. "https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-86502010000500014", "url"=>"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-86502010000500014"}" rel="nofollow">→
- US Food and Drug Administration. Skin Protectant Drug Products for Over-the-Counter Human Use. Allantoin recognised at 0.5 to 2 percent. "https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/omuf/monographs/OTCMonograph_M016SkinProtectantDrugProductsforOTCHumanUse09242021.pdf", "url"=>"https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/omuf/monographs/OTCMonograph_M016SkinProtectantDrugProductsforOTCHumanUse09242021.pdf"}" rel="nofollow">→